If the cost of x metres of wire is d rupees, then what is the cost of y metres of wire at the same rate ?

Answer: Option C

Answer: Option C

Explanation:

Although we can first calculate the cost of one toy and then can multiply it with 40 to get the result.
but we will solve it with chain rule so that we can prepare ourself for other complex problems which we can solve easily by applying this rule.

Let the required cost be Rs. x
More toys means More Cost. (Direct Proportion)

\begin{aligned}
15:40 :: 240:x \\
=> x = \frac{240*40}{15} \\
=> x = 640
\end{aligned}

So 40 toys will cost Rs 640

Answer: Option D

Explanation:

There is meal for 200 children. 150 children have taken the meal.
Remaining meal is to be catered to 50 children.
Now, 200 children = 120 men

So, 50 Children = 120/200 * 50 = 30 men

Answer: Option A

Explanation:

Less toys, Less Price (Direct Proportion)
So, let the price be Rs. x
then,
\begin{aligned}
23:12 :: 276:x
=> x = \frac{276*12}{23} \\
=> x = 144
\end{aligned}

So price of 12 toys will be Rs. 144

Answer: Option B

Explanation:

Less Cows, More days (Indirect Proportion)
Less bags, Less days (Direct Proportion)

\begin{aligned}
\begin{bmatrix}Cows & 1 & 40 \\Bags & 40 & 1 \end{bmatrix} :: 40 : x \\
=> x * 40 * 1= 40 * 1 * 40 \\
=> x = 40
\end{aligned}